Approaches the nineteenth-century endeavor of translating European classics into non-European languages through prisms of translation studies and cultural history by focusing on the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. Through a close reading of Gulliver's Travels, the original text and translations, focuses on themes of adaptation and rewriting while investigating how the original text was reinvented in local languages. Recommended: courses in translation theory or history of the modern Middle East, or language courses in Arabic, Ottoman Turkish, Hebrew, or Ladino. Offered: Sp.